What are biomes?
Large ecosystems defined by their dominant vegetation.
What factors determine the vegetation in a biome?
Rainfall, humidity, temperature, wind, and sunlight.
What are mangrove swamps, and where are they found in Nigeria?
Wetlands with small evergreen trees, found in Lagos, Delta, Edo, Rivers, Ondo, and Cross River States.
Describe the climate of mangrove swamps.
Hot and wet, with annual rainfall exceeding 250 cm.
What vegetation characterizes tropical rainforests?
Diverse trees, climbers, and epiphytes.
Where are tropical rainforests located in Nigeria?
Edo, Delta, Ondo, Lagos, and Rivers States.
What is the annual rainfall range in savannas?
500 mm in semi-arid areas to 1500 mm near rainforests.
What vegetation is found in the Northern Guinea Savanna?
Short grasses and thorny trees like acacia and baobab.
Where is the Southern Guinea Savanna found?
In Enugu, Kogi, Kwara, Ebonyi, and Ekiti States.
What are deserts, and where are they found globally?
Dry regions with sparse vegetation, found in places like the Sahara and Arabian Deserts.
What defines temperate grasslands?
Open grasslands with moderate rainfall, cold winters, and hot summers.
Name some regions with temperate grasslands.
Steppes (Asia), prairies (North America), and pampas (South America).
What trees dominate coniferous forests?
Needle-leaved evergreens like pines and firs.
Where are temperate shrublands found?
Northeastern Brazil, Australia, and parts of West Africa.
What is mountain vegetation?
Forests on mountain slopes, transitioning to sparse vegetation at higher altitudes.
Name locations with mountain vegetation.
Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Cameroon, and the Kenyan Highlands.
What vegetation is typical in the tundra?
Mosses, lichens, and small shrubs.
Where is the tundra biome located?
In cold regions like the Arctic Circle and high-altitude zones.
What characterizes savannas?
Tropical grasslands with scattered trees and alternating dry and wet seasons.
What adaptations do desert plants have?
Succulent stems and deep roots to store and access water.
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